Il perfetto funzionamento psico-fisico dell’organismo permette di gestire e regolare il peso corporeo. Il corpo deve, infatti, bilanciare attentamente il giusto apporto di calorie e dei diversi tipi di sostanze nutritive al fine di mantenere un equilibrio pressoché perfetto. In questo senso, la fame e la sazietà rappresentano due fortissimi impulsi regolatori nel comportamento alimentare. Ora, siccome per quanto riguarda la sensazione di fame sembrano non esserci problemi nella maggior parte della popolazione, mi sembra opportuno approfondire il concetto di sazietà.
Si tratta dei meccanismi che risultano coinvolti nella cessazione dell’atto di mangiare (meglio definiti come “cascata della sazietà”).
First of all we should mention the satiating power of food, ie capacity that the food itself has to eliminate the desire to continue eating. There are foods in general "statistically more satiating" than others (especially foods high in fat), but subjectively I would say that individuals learn that certain foods are more or less satiating and this is often a factor influencing the food choices.
Another process that leads to satiety and food sensory effects: it favors the disruption of having to eat the food available with sensory characteristics similar to those just made. Here is the success of many "mono-diet (eg diet banana, potato diet, diet soup ...) for which you get to bring a person to prefer not to eat rather than continue with a mono-food diet! This effect is, in my opinion, one of the many wonders nell'autoregolazione food: What could be better, in kind, to induce the man to promote a nutritionally varied diet?
Another category of factors affecting the satiety are all what are called post-ingestion processes. Increases satiety increased gastric dilatation, as long as stomach emptying (fatty foods are the last to leave this body), the greater or lesser stimulation of receptors along the intestinal tract, etc. ..
A final component that should be mentioned also concerns the effect of post-absorption of food. These are the effect of food once it is absorbed by the intestinal villi and released (in the form of simple substances) in the bloodstream. The amount of substances such as glucose and amino acids in the blood determines strongly the feeling of research / abandonment of the food. Having a blood glucose (sugar content in the blood) is to be low in energy emergency, and then, physiologically, the satiety gives way to a sense of hunger and appetite for real then.
Recently, attention is turning to a substance that seems to act strongly on hunger-satiety-weight Body: leptin. It is a kind of information that continues at all times inform the brain about the amount of fat in the body. The fat decrease? Leptin blocks the satiety and urges us to eat. Almost had a spy inside that leaves no escape in case of war being overweight!
Fortunately, however, studies at both the biochemical mechanisms at the level of feeding behavior, leave ample room for work in those who strongly wish to change your eating style in particular and life in the broadest sense.
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